<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">bioph</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Biomedical Photonics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Biomedical Photonics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2413-9432</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Non-profit partnership for development of domestic photodynamic therapy and photodiagnosis</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24931/2413-9432-2016-5-4-15-24</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">bioph-111</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ФЛУОРЕСЦЕНТНАЯ ДИАГНОСТИКА И ФОТОДИНАМИЧЕСКАЯ ТЕРАПИЯ В КОМБИНИРОВАННОМ ЛЕЧЕНИИ ХОЛАНГИОЦЕЛЛЮЛЯРНОГО РАКА</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>FLUORESCENCE DIAGNOSIS AND PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY IN COMBINED TREATMENT OF CHOLANGIOCARCINOMA</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ширяев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shiryaev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">artemdoc@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мусаев</surname><given-names>Г. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Musaev</surname><given-names>G. Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лощенов</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Loshenov</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бородкин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borodkin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Левкин</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Levkin</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Охотникова</surname><given-names>Н. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Okhotnikova</surname><given-names>N. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волков</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volkov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макаров</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarov</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лощенов</surname><given-names>В. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Loshenov</surname><given-names>V. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">The State Education Institution of Higher Professional Training The First Sechenov Moscow State Medical University under Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт общей физики им. А.М. Прохорова РАН<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>02</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>5</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>15</fpage><lpage>24</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ширяев А.А., Мусаев Г.Х., Лощенов М.В., Бородкин А.В., Левкин В.В., Охотникова Н.Л., Волков В.В., Макаров В.И., Лощенов В.Б., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ширяев А.А., Мусаев Г.Х., Лощенов М.В., Бородкин А.В., Левкин В.В., Охотникова Н.Л., Волков В.В., Макаров В.И., Лощенов В.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shiryaev A.A., Musaev G.K., Loshenov M.V., Borodkin A.V., Levkin V.V., Okhotnikova N.L., Volkov V.V., Makarov V.I., Loshenov V.B.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.pdt-journal.com/jour/article/view/111">https://www.pdt-journal.com/jour/article/view/111</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье представлены результаты пилотного исследования по применению комбинированного лечения нерезектабельной холанги-окарциномы, осложненной механической желтухой. Метод включал в себя чрескожное чреспеченочное желчеотведение, эндовидеофлуоресцентную диагностику, фотодинамическую терапию опухолевой стрикутры и стентирование желчных протоков. В исследование были включены 14 пациентов, находящихся на лечении в клинике факультетской хирургии имени Н.Н. Бурденко Первого Московского государственного медицинского университета им. И.М. Сеченова. Флуоресцентную диагностику и фотодинамическую терапию проводили с применением фотосенсибилизаторов фотосенс (0,5 мг/кг), фотолон (1,0 мг/кг) и радахлорин (1,0 мг/кг). Средняя доза лазерного облучения за один сеанс составила 115±5 Дж/см2. Флуоресцентная диагностика с использованием эндовидеофлуоресцентного модуля для эндоскопии и минимальноинвазивной хирургии позволила получить видеофлуоресцентное изображение опухоли и оценить уровень флуоресценции фотосенсибилизатора в опухоли у всех пациентов. Морфологически злокачественный процесс подтвержден у 12 пациентов, у 2 пациентов с опухолью Клатскина не удалось забрать материал из желчных протоков для морфологического исследования. Первоначальные результаты применения комбинированного минимальноинвазивного лечения оценены, как обнадеживающие. У 4 пациентов продолжительность жизни после лечения составила 21, 17, 13 и 11 мес. 5 пациентов находятся в настоящее время под динамическим наблюдением. Из них 2 наблюдаются со сроком 13 и 19 мес, и 3 – от 4 до 6 мес. 5 больных, которые изначально имели множественные отдаленные метастазы, умерли в течение 3±1 мес после проведенного лечения. Средняя продолжительность жизни у пролеченной группы пациентов составляет на данный момент 9,5 мес, но следует ожидать ее повышения вследствие того, что 5 из 14 больных в настоящий момент живы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The results of the pilot study of combined treatment for non-resectable cholangiocarcinoma complicated with obstructive jaundice are represented this paper. Method included percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage, endoscopic fluorescence diagnosis, photodynamic therapy of tumor stricture, and stenting of bile ducts. Fourteen patients who underwent the treatment in the surgery department clinic of I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University were enrolled in the study. Fluorescence diagnosis and photodynamic therapy were carried out using photosensitizers photosens (0.5 mg/kg), fotolon (1 mg/kg), and radachlorin (1 mg/kg). The average light dose for one session was 115±5 J/cm2. Fluorescence diagnosis using endoscopic video-fluorescence system for endoscopy and minimally invasive surgery allowed to obtain videoassisted fluorescence image of the tumor and to measure level of photosensitizer fluorescence in tumor in all patients. Malignant tumor was confirmed by morphological study in 12 patients, biopsy of material for morphological study failed in 2 patients with Klatskin tumor. The preliminary results of combined minimally invasive treatment were assessed as promising. The survival time in 4 patients after treatment accounted for 21, 17, 13 and 11 months, respectively. For now 5 patients are under follow-up. Follow-up periods are 13 and 19 months in 2 of them and from 4 to 6 months in 3 of them. Five patients with multiple distant metastases before the treatment died in 3±1 months after therapy. The average lifetime in the treatment group is 9.5 months up to date, however the duration is expected to be</p><p>longer because 5 of 14 patients are alive.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нерезектабельная холангиокарцинома</kwd><kwd>чрескожное желчеотведение</kwd><kwd>видеофлуоресцентная диагностика</kwd><kwd>фотодинамическая терапия</kwd><kwd>стентирование опухолевой стриктуры</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>non-resectable cholangiocarcinoma</kwd><kwd>percutaneous biliary drainage</kwd><kwd>video-assisted fluorescence diagnosis</kwd><kwd>photodynamic therapy</kwd><kwd>stenting for tumor stricture</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ветшев П.С. Диагностический подход при обтурационной желтухе // Российский журнал гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии, колопроктологии. – 1999. – № 6. – С. 18-24.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vetshev P.S. The Diagnostic approach to Obstructive Jaundice, Rossiiskii zhurnal  gastroenterologii, gepatologii, koloproktologii, 1999, No. 6, pp. 18-24. (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чистяков С.С. Онкология для практикующих врачей. – Москва: Изд-во «Товарищество научных изданий КМК», 2009. – 634 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chistyakov S.S. Onkologiya dlya praktikuyushchikh vrachei [Oncology for  practicing physicians]. Moscow, Tovarishchestvo nauchnykh izdanii KMK Publ., 2009. 634 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Майстренко Н.А., Шейко С.Б., Алентьев А.В., Азимов Ф.Х. Холангиоцеллюлярный рак (особенности диагностики и лечения) // Практическая онкология. – 2008. – Т. 9, № 4 – С. 229-236.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maistrenko N.A., Sheiko S.B., Alentiev A.V., Azimov, F.H. Cholangiocellular cancer (diagnostics and treatment), Prakticheskaya onkologiya, 2008, Vol. 9, No. 4, pp. 229-236. (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Isayama H., Tsujino T., Nakai Y., et al. Clinical benefit of radiation therapy and metallic stenting for unresectable hilar cholangiocarcinoma // World J Gastroenterol. – 2012. – Vol. 18. – P. 2364-2370. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v18.i19.2364.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Isayama H., Tsujino T., Nakai Y., Sasaki T., Nakagawa K., Yamashita H., Aoki T.,  Koike K. Clinical benefit of radiation therapy and metallic stenting for  unresectable hilar cholangiocarcinoma, World J Gastroenterol, 2012, Vol.18, pp.  2364-2370. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v18.i19.2364.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шевченко Ю.Л., Карпов О.Э., Ветшев П.С. и соавт. Применение саморасширяющихся нитиноловых стентов при механической желтухе опухолевого генеза // Вестник Национального медико-хирургического Центра им. Н.И. Пирогова. – 2014. – T. 9, № 2. – С. 30-34.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shevchenko Y.L., Karpov O.E., Vetshev P.S., Maadi A.S. Alekseev K.I., Osipov  A.S., Vasiliev I.V., Tyurbeev B.Ts. Application self-expanding nitinol stents in  obstructive tumor genesis of icterus, Vestnik Natsional'nogo mediko-khirurgicheskogo  Tsentra im. N.I. Pirogova, 2014, Vol. 9, No. 2, pp. 30-34. (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hucl T. Malignant biliary obstruction // Cas. Lek. Cesk. – 2016. – Vol. 155(1). – P. 30-7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hucl T. Malignant biliary obstruction, Cas. Lek. Cesk, 2016, Vol. 155(1), pp. 30-7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Khan S.A., Thomas H.C., Davidson B.R., Taylor-Robinson S.D. Cholangiocarcinoma // Lancet. – 2005. – Vol. 366, No. 9493. – P. 1303-1305.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khan S.A., Thomas H.C., Davidson B.R., Taylor-Robinson S.D. Cholangiocarcinoma,  Lancet, 2005, Vol.366, No. 9493, pp. 1303-1305.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вakhru M., Tekola B., Kahaleh M. Endoscopic palliation for pancreatic cancer // Cancers (Basel). – 2011. – Vol. 3, No. 2. – P. 1947-1956.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Вakhru M., Tekola B., Kahaleh M. Endoscopic palliation for pancreatic cancer,  Cancers (Basel), 2011, Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 1947-1956.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lee T.Y., Cheon Y.K., Shim C.S. Current status of photodynamic therapy for bile duct cancer // Clin Endosc. – 2013. – Vol. 46(1). – P. 38-44. doi: 10.5946/ce.2013.46.1.38.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lee T.Y., Cheon Y.K., Shim C.S. Current status of photodynamic therapy for bile  duct cancer, Clin Endosc, 2013, Vol. 46(1), pp. 38-44. doi: 10.5946/ce.2013.46.1.38.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Quyn A.J., Ziyaie D., Polignano F.M., Tait I.S. Photodynamic therapy is associated with an improvement in survival in patients with irresectable hilar cholangiocarcinoma // HPB (Oxford). – 2009. – Vol. 11. – P. 570-577.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Quyn A.J., Ziyaie D., Polignano F.M., Tait I.S. Photodynamic therapy is  associated with an improvement in survival in patients with irresectable hilar  cholangiocarcinoma, HPB (Oxford), 2009, Vol. 11, pp. 570-577.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tan Y., Zhu J.Y., Qiu B.A. et al. Percutaneous biliary stenting combined with radiotherapy as a treatment for unresectable hilar cholangiocarcinoma // Oncol Lett. – 2015. – 10(4). – P. 2537-2542.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tan Y., Zhu J.Y., Qiu B.A., Xia N.X., Wang J.H. Percutaneous biliary stenting combined with radiotherapy as a treatment for unresectable hilar cholangiocarcinoma, Oncol Lett, 2015, Vol. 10(4), pp. 2537-2542.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kose F., Oguzkurt L., Besen A. et al. Effectiveness of percutaneous metal stent placement in cholangiocarcinoma patients with midterm follow-up: Single center experience // Eur J Radiol. – 2012. – Vol. 81. – P. 1724-1727. doi:10.1016/j.ejrad.2011.04.056.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kose F., Oguzkurt L., Besen A., Sumbul T., Sezer A., Karadeniz C., Disel U.,  Mertsoylu H., Ozyilkan O. Effectiveness of percutaneous metal stent placement in  cholangiocarcinoma patients with midterm follow- up: Single center experience, Eur J  Radiol, 2012, Vol. 81, pp. 1724- 1727. doi:10.1016/j.ejrad.2011.04.056.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kipp B.R., Stadheim L.M., Halling S.A., Pochron N.L., Harmsen S., Nagorney D.M., et al. A comparison of routine cytology and fluorescence in situ hybridization for the detection of malignant bile duct strictures // Am J Gastroenterol. – 2004. – Vol. 99. – P. 1675-1681.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kipp B.R., Stadheim L.M., Halling S.A., Pochron N.L., Harmsen S., Nagorney D.M.,  Sebo T.J., Therneau T.M., Gores G.J., de Groen P.C., Baron T.H., Levy M.J., Halling  K.C., Roberts L.R. A comparison of routine cytology and fluorescence in situ  hybridization for the detection of malignant bile duct strictures, Am J Gastroenterol, 2004, Vol. 99, pp. 1675-1681.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кулезнева Ю.В., Бруслик С.В., Мусаев Г.Х. и соавт. Антеградные методы декомпрессии желчных протоков: эволюция и спорные вопросы // Анналы хирургической гепатологии. – 2011. – Т. 16, № 3. – С. 35-43.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kulezneva Yu.V., Bruslik S.V., Musaev G.H., Israilov R.E., Kirillova M.S. Percutaneous Modalities of Biliary Decompression: Development and Disputable Items  Development and Disputable Items, Annaly khirurgicheskoi gepatologii, 2011, Vol. 16, No. 3, pp. 35-43. (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вишневский В.А., Тарасюк Т.И. Диагностика и хирургическое лечение рака проксимальных печеночных протоков (опухолей Клатскина) // Практическая онкология. – 2004. – Т. 5, № 2. – С. 126-134.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vishnevskiy V.A., Tarasyuk I.T. Diagnosis and Surgical treatment of Cancer of  the proximal hepatic ducts (tumors Klatskin), Prakticheskaya onkologiya, 2004, Vol. 5, No. 2, pp. 126-134. (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гальперин Э.И., Ветшев П.С. Руководство по хирургии желчных путей. – Москва: Видар, 2009. – 568 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Galperin E.I., Vetshev P.S. Rukovodstvo po khirurgii zhelchnykh putei  [Guidelines for biliary tract surgery]. Moscow, Vidar Publ., 2009. 568 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Охотников О.И., Григорьев С.Н., Яковлева М.В. Антеградные эндобилиарные вмешательства при синдроме механической желтухи // Анналы хирургической гепатологии. – 2011. – Т. 16, № 3. – С. 44-49.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Okhotnikov O.I., Grigoriev S.N., Yakovleva M.V. Percutaneous Endobiliary Interventions in Obstructive Jaundise Syndrome in Obstructive Jaundise Syndrome,  Annaly khirurgicheskoi gepatologii, 2011, Vol. 16, No. 3, pp. 44-49. (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jaganmohan S., Lee J.H. Self-expandable Metal Stents in Malignant Biliary Obstruction Surgical versus Endoscopic Biliary Drainage // Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. – 2012. – Vol. 6, No. 1. – P. 105-114.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jaganmohan S., Lee J.H. Self-expandable Metal Stents in Malignant Biliary  Obstruction Surgical versus Endoscopic Biliary Drainage, Expert Rev Gastroenterol  Hepatol, 2012, Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 105-114.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лобаков А.И., Странадко Е.Ф., Мокин М.В. и соавт. Возможности фотодинамической терапии в лечении рака большого дуоденального сосочка // Анналы хирургической гепатологии. – 2005. – Т. 10, № 1. – С. 86-89.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lobakov A.I., Stranadko E.F., Mokin M.V., Kruglov E.E., Denisov V.A., Sachechelashvili G.L., Zakharov Yu.I., Lavrova N.N. Possibilities of  Photodynamic  Therapy in the treatment of Cancer of major duodenal papilla, Annaly khirurgicheskoi  gepatologii, 2005, Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 86-89. (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rerknimitr R., Angsuwatcharakon P., Ratanachu-ek T., et al. Asia-pacific consensus recommendations for endoscopic and interventional management of hilar cholangiocarcinoma // J Gastroenterol Hepatol. – 2013. – Vol. 28. – P. 593-607.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rerknimitr R., Angsuwatcharakon P., Ratanachu-Ek T., Khor C.J., Ponnudurai R.,  Moon J.H., Seo D.W., Pantongrag-Brown L., Sangchan A., Pisespongsa P., et al. Asia- pacific consensus recommendations for endoscopic and interventional management of  hilar cholangiocarcinoma, J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2013, Vol. 28, pp. 593-607.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Höblinger A., Gerhardt T., Gonzalez-Carmona M.A., et al. Feasibility and safety of long- term photodynamic therapy (PDT) in the palliative treatment of patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma // Eur J Med Res. – 2011. – Vol. 16. – P. 391-395. doi: 10.1186/2047-83X-16-9-391.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Höblinger A., Gerhardt T., Gonzalez-Carmona M.A., Hüneburg R., Sauerbruch T.,  Schmitz V. Feasibility and safety of long-term photodynamic therapy (PDT) in the  palliative treatment of patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma, Eur J Med Res, 2011,  Vol. 16, pp. 391-395. doi: 10.1186/2047-783X-16-9-391.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чиссов В.И., Филоненко Е.В. Флуоресцентная диагностика и фотодинамическая терапия в клинической онкологии. – Москва: Изд-во Триумф, 2012. – 272 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chissov V.I., Filonenko E. V. Fluorestsentnaya diagnostika i fotodinamicheskaya terapiya v klinicheskoi onkologii [Fluorescence Diagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy  in clinical Oncology]. Moscow, Triumph Publ., 2012. 272 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kniebühler G.1., Pongratz T., Betz C.S., et al. Photodynamic therapy for cholangiocarcinoma using low dose mTHPC (Foscan(®)) // Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther. – 2013. – Vol. 10(3). – P. 220-8. doi: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2012.12.005.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kniebühler G.1., Pongratz T., Betz C.S., Göke B., Sroka R., Stepp H., Schirra J.  Photodynamic therapy for cholangiocarcinoma using low dose mTHPC (Foscan(®)),  Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther, 2013, Vol. 10(3), pp. 220-8. doi: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2012.12.005.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wentrup R, Winkelmann N, Mitroshkin A, et al. Photodynamic Therapy Plus Chemotherapy Compared with Photodynamic Therapy Alone in Hilar Nonresectable Cholangiocarcinoma // Gut Liver. – 2016. – Vol. 10(3). – P. 470-5. doi: 10.5009/gnl15175.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wentrup R., Winkelmann N., Mitroshkin A., Prager M., Voderholzer W., Schachschal  G., Jürgensen C., Büning C. Photodynamic Therapy Plus Chemotherapy Compared with  Photodynamic Therapy Alone in Hilar Nonresectable Cholangiocarcinoma, Gut Liver,  2016, Vol. 10(3), pp. 470-5. doi: 10.5009/gnl15175.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Levkin V., Gagarina N., Kharnas S., Musaev G., et al. Modern Technologies for Timely Detection and Differential Diagnosis of Gastric Cancer / New Aspects in Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Human Carcinogenesis, Dmitry Bulgin (Ed.). – InTech, 2016. doi: 10.5772/59826.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Levkin V., Gagarina N., Kharnas S., Musaev G., Shiryaev A., Bulgin D. Modern  Technologies for Timely Detection and Differential Diagnosis of Gastric Cancer, New  Aspects in Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Human Carcinogenesis, by Bulgin D.  InTech Publ., 2016. doi: 10.5772/59826.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen Y.J., Jiang H.T., Cao J.Y. Influence of Photodynamic Therapy on Apoptosis and Invasion of Human Cholangiocarcinoma QBC939 Cell Line // Chin. Med. Sci. J. – 2015. – Vol. 30(4). – P. 252-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen Y.J., Jiang H.T., Cao J.Y. Influence of Photodynamic Therapy on Apoptosis  and Invasion of Human Cholangiocarcinoma QBC939 Cell Line, Chin. Med. Sci. J., 2015, Vol. 30(4), pp. 252-9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Цыб А.Ф., Каплан М.А., Романенко Ю.С., Попучиев В.В. Клинические аспекты фотодинамической терапии. – Калуга: Изд-во науч. литер-ры. Н.Ф. Бочкаревой, 2009. – 204 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tsyb A.F., Kaplan M.A., Romanenko Y.S., Popuchiev V.V. Klinicheskie aspekty  fotodinamicheskoi terapii [Clinical aspects of Photodynamic Therapy]. Kaluga, Publ. of Nauch. liter-ry. N.F. Bochkarevoi, 2009. 204 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ortner M.E., Caca K., Berr F., et al. Successful photodynamic therapy for nonresectable cholangiocarcinoma: a randomized prospective study // Gastroenterology. – 2003. – Vol. 125(5). – P. 1355-63.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ortner M.E., Caca K., Berr F., Liebetruth J., Mansmann U., Huster D., Voderholzer W., Schachschal G., Mössner J., Lochs H. Successful photodynamic  therapy for nonresectable cholangiocarcinoma: a randomized prospective study,  Gastroenterology, 2003, Vol. 125(5), pp. 1355-63.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Макаров Е.С., Нечушкин М.И., Долгушин Б.И., Файнштейн И.А. Внутрипросветная лучевая терапия местнораспространенного рака внепеченочных желчных протоков // Анналы хирургической гепатологии. – 2006. – Т. 11, № 1. – С. 45-53.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Makarov E.S., Nechushkin M.I., Dolgushin B.I., Fainstein I.A. Intraluminal Radiotherapy of the Locally Spread Cancer of the Extrahepatic Bile Ducts, Annaly  khirurgicheskoi gepatologii, 2006, Vol. 11, No. 1, pp. 45-53.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tapping C.R., Byass O.R., Cast J.E. Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) with or without stenting-complications, re-stent rate and a new risk stratification score // Eur Radiol. – 2011. – Vol. 21. – P. 1948-1955. doi: 10.1007/s00330-011-2121-7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tapping C.R., Byass O.R., Cast J.E. Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage  (PTBD) with or without stenting-complications, re-stent rate and a new risk  stratification score, Eur Radiol, 2011, Vol. 21, pp. 1948- 1955. doi: 10.1007/s00330-011-2121-7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
