biophBiomedical PhotonicsBiomedical Photonics2413-9432Non-profit partnership for development of domestic photodynamic therapy and photodiagnosis10.24931/2413-9432-2025-14-2-40-54bioph-721Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫLITERATURE REVIEWSAвтоматизация планирования и контроля фотодинамической терапии органов желудочно-кишечного трактаAutomatization of planning and control of photodynamic therapy of gastrointestinal organsКривецкаяА. А.KrivetskayaA. A.

Москва

Moscow

annakrivetskaya1998@gmail.comСавельеваТ. А.SavelievaT. A.

Москва

Moscow

КустовД. М.KustovD. M.

Москва

Moscow

ЛевкинВ. В.LevkinV. V.

Москва

Moscow

ХарнасС. С.KharnasS. S.

Москва

Moscow

ЛощеновВ. Б.LoschenovV. B.

Москва

Moscow

Институт общей физики им. А.М. Прохорова Российской академии наукРоссияProkhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationИнститут общей физики им. А.М. Прохорова Российской академии наук; Национальный исследовательский ядерный университет «МИФИ»РоссияProkhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Institute of Engineering Physics for Biomedicine, National Research Nuclear University MEPhIRussian FederationУниверситетская Клиническая больница №1 Первого МГМУ им. СеченоваРоссияDepartment of Faculty Surgery No. 1, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityRussian Federation2025010720251424054Copyright © Кривецкая А.А., Савельева Т.А., Кустов Д.М., Левкин В.В., Харнас С.С., Лощенов В.Б., 20252025Кривецкая А.А., Савельева Т.А., Кустов Д.М., Левкин В.В., Харнас С.С., Лощенов В.Б.Krivetskaya A.A., Savelieva T.A., Kustov D.M., Levkin V.V., Kharnas S.S., Loschenov V.B.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.pdt-journal.com/jour/article/view/721

Oсновные аспекты автоматизации планирования фотодинамической терапии (ФДТ) включают несколько ключевых направлений, связанных с повышением точности, эффективности и персонализации лечения. Математическое моделирование распространения излучения позволяет рассчитать распределение световой энергии в 6иотканях с учетом их оптических характеристик и геометрии патологии. При этом использование оптических методов диагностики позволяет не только планировать, но и контролировать в реальном времени фотодинамическое воздействие с корректировкой параметров в зависимости от степени выгорания фотосенси6илизатора и степени насыщения гемогло6ина кислородом, а также определять оптические свойства тканей именно в зоне воздействия. Эти методы о6уславливают также и возможность персонализации воздействия, поскольку оно при этом основано не на априорной информации о6 усредненных свойствах органов и тканей, а на динамически меняющихся и измеряемых параметрах. Использование фотодинамической терапии для опухолевых за6олеваний желудочно-кишечного тракта показало эффективность в качестве дополнения к хирургическому лечению, а также для опухолей не6ольшого размера и в качестве метода паллиативного лечения. При этом с точки зрения распространения света в тканях стенки органов желудочно-кишечного тракта представляют достаточно сложные многослойные структуры, оптические свойства которых зависят от физиологического состояния и развивающихся в органе патологий. Эти о6стоятельства делают задачу автоматизации планирования фотодинамической терапии органов MКТ актуальной и нетривиальной. B настоящей статье проведен о6зор методов, которые решают эту задачу.

The main aspects of automatization of photodynamic therapy (PDT) planning include several key areas related to improving accuracy, efficiency and personalization of treatment. Mathematical modeling of light propagation makes it possible to calculate the distribution of light energy in biotissues taking into account their optical characteristics and pathology geometry. At the same time the use of optical diagnostic methods allows not only to plan but also to control in real time the photodynamic effect with parameters adjustment depending on the degree of photosensitizer photobleaching and the hemoglobin oxygen saturation, as well as to determine the optical properties of tissues exactly in the exposure area. These methods also make it possible to personalize the effect, since it is based not on a priori information about averaged properties of organs and tis- sues, but on dynamically changing and measurable parameters. The use of photodynamic therapy for tumor diseases of the gastrointestinal tract has shown effectiveness as an adjunct to surgical treatment, as well as for tumors of small size and as a method of palliative treatment. At the same time from the point of view of light propagation in tissues the walls of gastrointestinal tract organs represent rather complex multilayer structures, optical properties of which depend on physiological state and pathologies developing in the organ. These circumstances make the task of automation of planning of photodynamic therapy of GI organs urgent and nontrivial. In this paper we review the methods that solve this problem.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.