biophBiomedical PhotonicsBiomedical Photonics2413-9432Non-profit partnership for development of domestic photodynamic therapy and photodiagnosis10.24931/2413-9432-2026-15-3-30-38bioph-803Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫLITERATURE REVIEWSКомбинация ферроптоза и фотодинамической терапии – эффективная стратегия для лечения ракаCombination of ferroptosis and photodynamic therapy is an effective strategy for cancer treatmentСанароваЕ. В.SanarovaE. V.

Москва

Moscow

ЛанцоваА. В.LantsovaA. V.

Москва

Moscow

lantsova1979@mail.ruНиколаеваЛ. Л.NikolaevaL. L.

Москва

Moscow

КиселеваМ. П.KiselevaM. P.

Москва

Moscow

БорисоваЛ. М.BorisovaL. M.

Москва

Moscow

Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина Минздрава РоссииРоссияN.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of the Ministry of Health of RussiaRussian FederationНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина Минздрава России; Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)РоссияN.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of the Ministry of Health of Russia; Sechenov UniversityRussian Federation2026091020261533038Copyright © Санарова Е.В., Ланцова А.В., Николаева Л.Л., Киселева М.П., Борисова Л.М., 20262026Санарова Е.В., Ланцова А.В., Николаева Л.Л., Киселева М.П., Борисова Л.М.Sanarova E.V., Lantsova A.V., Nikolaeva L.L., Kiseleva M.P., Borisova L.M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.pdt-journal.com/jour/article/view/803

В рамках проведенного обзора детально рассмотрены теоретические основы и практические аспекты применения комбинации индукторов ферроптоза и фотосенсибилизаторов в экспериментальной терапии злокачественных опухолей. Особое внимание в работе уделено комплексным исследованиям, фокусирующимся на совместном использовании двух терапевтических подходов. Полученные результаты подтверждают перспективность дальнейшего развития данного научного направления.

На основании совокупности теоретических данных и экспериментальных исследований убедительно продемонстрирована эффективность комбинированного подхода, объединяющего ферроптоз и фотодинамическую терапию (ФДТ), в качестве стратегии противоопухолевого лечения. Ключевым фактором, определяющим результативность такой комбинации, выступает синергетический противоопухолевый эффект, обусловленный взаимосвязанными биохимическими процессами, в первую очередь реакцией Фентона. В ходе ферроптоза реализуется биохимическое превращение, способное обеспечивать необходимого для эффективного протекания ФДТ. В свою очередь, ФДТ генерирует активные формы кислорода, которые потенцируют реакцию Фентона, тем самым усиливая процессы, ведущие к ферроптотической гибели опухолевых клеток. В результате формируется замкнутый цикл, многократно повышающий цитотоксическое воздействие на злокачественные клетки.

Анализ экспериментальных работ показал, что в большинстве исследований в качестве фотосенсибилизатора используют хлорин e6 и производные порфирина – соединения, хорошо зарекомендовавшие себя в ФДТ благодаря оптимальным фотофизическим характеристикам. В роли индукторов ферроптоза наиболее часто применяют эрастин и его производные, а также различные соединения железа, способные эффективно запускать и поддерживать процессы железозависимой клеточной гибели.

Представленные данные свидетельствуют о высоком потенциале комбинированной стратегии, основанной на сопряжении ферроптоза и ФДТ, и обосновывают необходимость дальнейших исследований в этой области для разработки новых подходов к лечению онкологических заболеваний.

Abstract

This review examines in detail the theoretical foundations and practical aspects of using a combination of ferroptosis inducers and photosensitizers in experimental cancer therapy. Particular attention is given to comprehensive studies focusing on the combined use of these two therapeutic approaches. The results confirm the promise of further development in this research area.

Based on a combination of theoretical data and experimental studies, the effectiveness of a combined approach combining ferroptosis and photodynamic therapy (PDT) as an antitumor treatment strategy is convincingly demonstrated. A key factor determining the effectiveness of this combination is the synergistic antitumor effect, driven by interconnected biochemical processes, primarily the Fenton reaction. Ferroptosis involves a biochemical transformation capable of providing an additional source of oxygen, which is essential for effective PDT. In turn, PDT generates reactive oxygen species, which potentiate the Fenton reaction, thereby enhancing the processes leading to ferroptotic cell death in tumor cells. This creates a vicious cycle that greatly enhances the cytotoxic effect on malignant cells.

An analysis of experimental studies revealed that most studies used chlorin e6 and porphyrin derivatives as photosensitizers – compounds with proven photophysical properties. Erastin and its derivatives, as well as various iron compounds capable of effectively triggering and maintaining iron-dependent cell death, were most frequently used as ferroptosis inducers.

These data demonstrate the high potential of a combined strategy based on the coupling of ferroptosis and PDT and substantiate the need for further research in this area to develop new approaches to cancer treatment.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.