There are several key factors, such as age and sun exposure, the effects of which leads to a change in the properties of the skin, detected by the method of autofluorescent dermoscopy. In this paper we used the principle of multispectral imaging of the skin in the light of autofluorescence at excitation wavelength of about 400 nm. It was found that, the background skin glow, the coefficient of heterogeneity and the integral index of autofluorescence significantly increases in a low insolated areas. The most pronounced increase of these parameters observed in the group of women older than 45 years. We can assume that this is due to changes in the properties of collagen and accumulation of advanced glycation end products, and the uneven distribution of absorbent skin chromophores. Insolation accelerates the development of age-related changes of skin AF. According to the literature, in people aged 50–70 years increased NADH (external NADH oxidase) and AGEs compared with age 20–40 years. The differences in the autofluorescence of the skin between high and low insolated sites saved in all age groups. Autofluorescence age-related features described above should be considered for diagnostic and therapeutic measures.

Results of efficiency assessment of different diagnosis for preinvasive cervical lesions are represented in the article. During investigation the retrospective analysis of 353 patient histories of women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (primary and recurrent), who have been observed in Ivanovskiy regional oncological dispensary from 2002 to 2011, was performed. The accuracy rates of diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia for one or several methods including cytological study, colposcopy and fluorescence cystoscopy were compared. Fluorescence diagnosis was performed with drug fotoditazin (LLC «VETA-GRAND», marketing authorisation №LS 001246) at dose of 1,0 mg/kg body weight. The final diagnosis was determined by results of histological study. The accuracy of cytological study accounted for 67,5–80,7%. Using colposcopy the exact diagnosis was determined in 67,9–74,4% of cases. Combination of cytological study with colposcopy improved the accuracy of diagnosis up to 82.1–88.9%. The superior results were for concurrent use of cytological study with colposcopy and fluorescence diagnosis – in such case the diagnosis was correct in 92,0–96,7% of patients. The analysis of results showed that using all methods of diagnosis the accuracy of diagnosis for recurrent cervical intraepithelial neoplasia was lower than for primary lesions. The decrease of diagnosis accuracy is probably related to previous diagnosis and therapeutic manipulations on cervix. Thus, multimodal diagnosis investigation with methods of fluorescence spectroscopy allows to improve accuracy of diagnosis for preinvasive cervical lesions.

A technique for plating of I125 on silver matrices by electrochemical plating at alkaline pH was developed and approved. The direct covering of I125 showed to be impossible and to take place only after pre-treatment of matrices by reagents with reductive and chelating properties. According to results of set of experiments the hydrazine hydrate was chosen as activating agent. The developed method includes preparatory activation of surface of silver matrices by processing with 0,01 mM hydrazine solution and then plating of I125 from NaI125 solution in 0,05 M alkaline solution with I125 volumetric activity of 50 mCi/ml (plating voltage of 950 mV). Radioactivity of samples made by developed method with time of coating for 30 or 60 min accounted for 1,12±0,12 mCi and 1.43±0.14 mCi, respectively. Thus, the developed method is efficient technique for plating of I125 on silver matrices, has replicable results and may be used for manufacturing of microsources.

The review is devoted to application of brachytherapy for treating the localized prostate cancer (PC). Statistics for incidence and detectability of this pathology and its dynamics for recent years are represented. Brief analysis of other methods which are conveniently used for treatment of PC, such as radical prostatectomy and external-beam radiotherapy, was performed. Advantages and disadvantages of these methods have been discussed. Brief history about the development of brachytherapy from first experience to wide-spread use in clinical practice is reported. The detailed review of series of large trials from Russia and other countries for efficiency and safety of brachytherapy in patients with prostate cancer for recent 15 years is also represented. Two types of brachytherapy in current clinical oncology i.e. low-dose technique with permanent implantation of microsources and high-dose temporary isotope implantation, specifics of its application in different groups of patients have been described. The procedure of brachytherapy and its three main steps i.e. planning, implantation and control assessment after implantation have been characterized in details. The conclusion about benefits of using of brachytherapy in the treatment of prostate cancer as minimally invasive and efficient method was made.

The results of 4-year clinical follow-up in the patient with obstructive inoperable retropericardial esophageal cancer are represented. According to cardiac co-morbidity (myocardial infarction, postinfarction cardiosclerosis) the palliative care for patient was managed. To preserve patency of esophagus multiple courses of endoscopic photodynamic therapy by means of the approach developed in P.A. Herzen MCRI were performed. From 2011 to 2014 thirteen courses of photodynamic therapy with photosens were conducted. The patient was under follow-up for 4 years and 3 months to his death in 2015. For follow-up period the patient had oral feeding with no signs of dysphagia, not significant weight loss and with good quality of life.